Optimize bounce detection and enforce unique session data entries

docker-compose.yml

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ services:
     environment:
       DATABASE_URL: postgresql://umami:umami@db:5432/umami
       APP_SECRET: replace-me-with-a-random-string
-      # BOUNCE_THRESHOLD: 2 # OPTIONAL: set the minimum amount custom events to trigger a bounce
     depends_on:
       db:
         condition: service_healthy

prisma/migrations/23_update_session_data/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+WITH ranked_session_data AS (
+  SELECT
+    "session_data_id",
+    ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
+      PARTITION BY "session_id", "data_key"
+      ORDER BY "created_at" DESC NULLS LAST, "session_data_id" DESC
+    ) AS row_num
+  FROM "session_data"
+)
+DELETE FROM "session_data"
+USING ranked_session_data
+WHERE "session_data"."session_data_id" = ranked_session_data."session_data_id"
+  AND ranked_session_data.row_num > 1;
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "session_data_session_id_data_key_key"
+ON "session_data"("session_id", "data_key");

prisma/schema.prisma

@@ -208,6 +208,7 @@ model SessionData {
   @@index([sessionId])
   @@index([sessionId, createdAt])
   @@index([websiteId, createdAt, dataKey])
+  @@unique([sessionId, dataKey])
   @@map("session_data")
 }
 

src/lib/clickhouse.ts

@@ -177,13 +177,17 @@ function getExcludeBounceQuery(filters: Record<string, any>) {
   }
 
   return `join
-    (select distinct session_id as exclude_session_id, visit_id as exclude_visit_id
+    (select session_id as exclude_session_id, visit_id as exclude_visit_id
     from website_event_stats_hourly
     where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
       and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
-      and event_type = 1
+      and event_type != 5
     group by session_id, visit_id
     having sum(views) > 1
+      or (
+        sum(views) = 1
+        and sumIf(length(event_name), event_type = 2) > 0
+      )
     ) excludeBounce
     on excludeBounce.exclude_session_id = website_event.session_id
       and excludeBounce.exclude_visit_id = website_event.visit_id

src/lib/constants.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 export const CURRENT_VERSION = process.env.currentVersion;
-export const BOUNCE_THRESHOLD = Math.max(1, Number.parseInt(process.env.BOUNCE_THRESHOLD, 10) || 1);
 export const AUTH_TOKEN = 'umami.auth';
 export const LOCALE_CONFIG = 'umami.locale';
 export const TIMEZONE_CONFIG = 'umami.timezone';

src/lib/prisma.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,7 @@ import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg';
 import { readReplicas } from '@prisma/extension-read-replicas';
 import debug from 'debug';
 import { PrismaClient } from '@/generated/prisma/client';
-import {
-  DATA_TYPE,
-  DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
-  FILTER_COLUMNS,
-  OPERATORS,
-  SESSION_COLUMNS,
-} from './constants';
+import { DATA_TYPE, DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE, FILTER_COLUMNS, OPERATORS, SESSION_COLUMNS } from './constants';
 import { filtersObjectToArray } from './params';
 import type { Operator, PropertyFilter, QueryFilters, QueryOptions } from './types';
 
@@ -249,13 +243,17 @@ function getExcludeBounceQuery(filters: Record<string, any>) {
   }
 
   return `join
-    (select distinct session_id, visit_id
+    (select session_id, visit_id
     from website_event
     where website_id = {{websiteId}}
       and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
-      and event_type = 1
+      and event_type != 5
     group by session_id, visit_id
-    having count(*) > 1
+    having sum(case when event_type NOT IN (2, 5) then 1 else 0 end) > 1
+      or (
+        sum(case when event_type NOT IN (2, 5) then 1 else 0 end) = 1
+        and sum(case when event_type = 2 then 1 else 0 end) > 0
+      )
     ) excludeBounce
     on excludeBounce.session_id = website_event.session_id
       and excludeBounce.visit_id = website_event.visit_id

src/permissions/website.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { getEntity } from '@/lib/entity';
-import prisma from '@/lib/prisma';
 import { getTeamUser, getWebsite } from '@/queries/prisma';
 import {
   canCreateWebsite,
@@ -13,6 +12,11 @@ import {
   canViewWebsite,
 } from './website';
 
+const { websiteFindManyMock, teamUserFindManyMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  websiteFindManyMock: vi.fn(),
+  teamUserFindManyMock: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
 vi.mock('@/lib/entity', () => ({
   getEntity: vi.fn(),
 }));
@@ -26,10 +30,10 @@ vi.mock('@/lib/prisma', () => ({
   default: {
     client: {
       website: {
-        findMany: vi.fn(),
+        findMany: websiteFindManyMock,
       },
       teamUser: {
-        findMany: vi.fn(),
+        findMany: teamUserFindManyMock,
       },
     },
   },
@@ -54,8 +58,8 @@ beforeEach(() => {
   vi.mocked(getEntity).mockReset();
   vi.mocked(getWebsite).mockReset();
   vi.mocked(getTeamUser).mockReset();
-  vi.mocked(prisma.client.website.findMany as (...args: unknown[]) => unknown).mockReset();
-  vi.mocked(prisma.client.teamUser.findMany as (...args: unknown[]) => unknown).mockReset();
+  websiteFindManyMock.mockReset();
+  teamUserFindManyMock.mockReset();
 });
 
 describe('canViewWebsite', () => {
@@ -139,16 +143,12 @@ describe('canViewBatchWebsites', () => {
   });
 
   test('returns owned, team, and share allowed ids for a user', async () => {
-    vi.mocked(
-      prisma.client.website.findMany as (...args: unknown[]) => Promise<unknown>,
-    ).mockResolvedValue([
+    websiteFindManyMock.mockResolvedValue([
       { id: 'owned', userId: 'user-1', teamId: null },
       { id: 'team', userId: null, teamId: 'team-1' },
       { id: 'foreign', userId: 'other', teamId: null },
     ] as any);
-    vi.mocked(
-      prisma.client.teamUser.findMany as (...args: unknown[]) => Promise<unknown>,
-    ).mockResolvedValue([{ teamId: 'team-1' }] as any);
+    teamUserFindManyMock.mockResolvedValue([{ teamId: 'team-1' }] as any);
 
     await expect(
       canViewBatchWebsites({ user: normalUser, shareToken: { websiteId: 'shared' } as any }, [
@@ -161,12 +161,10 @@ describe('canViewBatchWebsites', () => {
   });
 
   test('excludes team websites when the user is not a team member', async () => {
-    vi.mocked(
-      prisma.client.website.findMany as (...args: unknown[]) => Promise<unknown>,
-    ).mockResolvedValue([{ id: 'team', userId: null, teamId: 'team-1' }] as any);
-    vi.mocked(
-      prisma.client.teamUser.findMany as (...args: unknown[]) => Promise<unknown>,
-    ).mockResolvedValue([] as any);
+    websiteFindManyMock.mockResolvedValue([
+      { id: 'team', userId: null, teamId: 'team-1' },
+    ] as any);
+    teamUserFindManyMock.mockResolvedValue([] as any);
 
     await expect(canViewBatchWebsites({ user: normalUser }, ['team'])).resolves.toEqual([]);
   });

src/queries/sql/getChannelExpandedMetrics.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi } from 'vitest';
 import {
-  BOUNCE_THRESHOLD,
   EMAIL_DOMAINS,
-  EVENT_TYPE,
   LLM_DOMAINS,
   PAID_AD_PARAMS,
   SEARCH_DOMAINS,
@@ -85,12 +83,9 @@ describe('getChannelExpandedMetrics postgres branch', () => {
     expect(query).toContain('sum(visit_stats.c) as "pageviews"');
     expect(query).toContain('count(distinct visit_stats.session_id) as "visitors"');
     expect(query).toContain('count(distinct visit_stats.visit_id) as "visits"');
+    expect(query).toContain('sum(case when visit_stats.c = 1 and coalesce(visit_events.has_custom_event, 0) = 0 then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces"');
     expect(query).toContain('visit_events as');
-    expect(query).toContain(`and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}`);
     expect(query).toContain('left join visit_events');
-    expect(query).toContain(
-      `sum(case when visit_stats.c = 1 and coalesce(visit_events.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD} then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces"`,
-    );
     // getTimestampDiffSQL output is injected into the totaltime column
     expect(query).toContain('sum(ts_diff(min_time, max_time)) as "totaltime"');
     expect(getTimestampDiffSQL).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
@@ -158,11 +153,8 @@ describe('getChannelExpandedMetrics clickhouse branch', () => {
 
     expect(query).toContain('uniq(t.session_id) as "visitors"');
     expect(query).toContain('uniq(t.visit_id) as "visits"');
-    expect(query).toContain(
-      `sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD}) as "bounces"`,
-    );
-    expect(query).toContain(`and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}`);
-    expect(query).toContain('as e using (session_id, visit_id)');
+    expect(query).toContain('sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0) as "bounces"');
+    expect(query).toContain('left join (');
     expect(query).toContain('sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime"');
     expect(query).toContain('where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}');
     expect(query).toContain(

src/queries/sql/getChannelExpandedMetrics.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import clickhouse from '@/lib/clickhouse';
 import {
-  BOUNCE_THRESHOLD,
   EMAIL_DOMAINS,
   EVENT_TYPE,
   LLM_DOMAINS,
@@ -49,6 +48,29 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       ...filters,
       websiteId,
     });
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sum(case when visit_stats.c = 1 and coalesce(visit_events.has_custom_event, 0) = 0 then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `,
+
+      visit_events as (
+        select
+          session_id,
+          visit_id,
+          1 as has_custom_event
+        from website_event
+        where website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
+          and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
+          and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+        group by session_id, visit_id)`
+    : '';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join visit_events
+        on visit_events.session_id = visit_stats.session_id
+        and visit_events.visit_id = visit_stats.visit_id`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -122,33 +144,21 @@ async function relationalQuery(
           min(created_at) as min_time,
           max(created_at) as max_time
         from prefix
-        group by session_id, visit_id),
-
-      visit_events as (
-        select
-          session_id,
-          visit_id,
-          count(*) as events_count
-        from website_event
-        where website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
-          and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
-          and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
         group by session_id, visit_id)
+      ${visitEventsQuery}
 
       select
         visit_channels.name,
         sum(visit_stats.c) as "pageviews",
         count(distinct visit_stats.session_id) as "visitors",
         count(distinct visit_stats.visit_id) as "visits",
-        sum(case when visit_stats.c = 1 and coalesce(visit_events.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD} then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",
+        ${bounceQuery}
         sum(${getTimestampDiffSQL('visit_stats.min_time', 'visit_stats.max_time')}) as "totaltime"
       from visit_stats
       join visit_channels
         on visit_channels.session_id = visit_stats.session_id
         and visit_channels.visit_id = visit_stats.visit_id
-      left join visit_events
-        on visit_events.session_id = visit_stats.session_id
-        and visit_events.visit_id = visit_stats.visit_id
+      ${visitEventsJoin}
       group by visit_channels.name
       order by visitors desc, visits desc
       `,
@@ -166,6 +176,20 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
     ...filters,
     websiteId,
   });
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt8(1) as has_custom_event
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
+        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by session_id, visit_id
+    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -174,7 +198,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "pageviews",
       uniq(t.session_id) as "visitors",
       uniq(t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD}) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime"
     from (
       select
@@ -229,14 +253,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       )
       group by session_id, visit_id
     ) as t
-    left join (
-      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt32(count()) as events_count
-      from website_event
-      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
-        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
-        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-      group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     group by name
     order by visitors desc, visits desc;
     `,

src/queries/sql/getWebsiteStats.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, test, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+const parseFiltersResult = {
+  queryParams: { websiteId: 'website-1' },
+  filterQuery: 'and website_event.url_path = {{path}}',
+  joinSessionQuery: 'join session on session.session_id = website_event.session_id',
+  cohortQuery: 'join cohort on cohort.session_id = website_event.session_id',
+  excludeBounceQuery: 'join excludeBounce on excludeBounce.visit_id = website_event.visit_id',
+};
+
+async function loadModule({
+  mode,
+}: {
+  mode: 'prisma' | 'clickhouse';
+}) {
+  vi.resetModules();
+
+  const state = { mode };
+  const prismaRawQuery = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue([{}]);
+  const prismaParseFilters = vi.fn().mockReturnValue(parseFiltersResult);
+  const getTimestampDiffSQL = vi.fn().mockReturnValue('ts_diff(t.min_time, t.max_time)');
+  const clickhouseRawQuery = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue([{}]);
+  const clickhouseParseFilters = vi.fn().mockReturnValue(parseFiltersResult);
+
+  vi.doMock('@/lib/db', () => ({
+    CLICKHOUSE: 'clickhouse',
+    PRISMA: 'prisma',
+    runQuery: vi.fn((queries: Record<string, () => unknown>) => queries[state.mode]()),
+  }));
+
+  vi.doMock('@/lib/prisma', () => ({
+    default: {
+      rawQuery: prismaRawQuery,
+      parseFilters: prismaParseFilters,
+      getTimestampDiffSQL,
+    },
+  }));
+
+  vi.doMock('@/lib/clickhouse', () => ({
+    default: {
+      rawQuery: clickhouseRawQuery,
+      parseFilters: clickhouseParseFilters,
+    },
+  }));
+
+  const mod = await import('./getWebsiteStats');
+
+  return {
+    getWebsiteStats: mod.getWebsiteStats,
+    prismaRawQuery,
+    clickhouseRawQuery,
+  };
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.resetModules();
+  vi.clearAllMocks();
+});
+
+describe('getWebsiteStats default bounce path', () => {
+  test('postgres uses a single grouped pass for the default path', async () => {
+    const { getWebsiteStats, prismaRawQuery } = await loadModule({ mode: 'prisma' });
+
+    await getWebsiteStats('website-1', {});
+
+    const [query] = prismaRawQuery.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('t.c = 1 and t.has_custom_event = 0');
+    expect(query).toContain('max(case when website_event.event_type = 2 then 1 else 0 end) as "has_custom_event"');
+    expect(query).not.toContain('left join (');
+  });
+
+  test('clickhouse uses the hourly aggregate view without the extra join', async () => {
+    const { getWebsiteStats, clickhouseRawQuery } = await loadModule({ mode: 'clickhouse' });
+
+    await getWebsiteStats('website-1', {});
+
+    const [query] = clickhouseRawQuery.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('from website_event_stats_hourly "website_event"');
+    expect(query).toContain('sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and t.has_custom_event = 0) as "bounces"');
+    expect(query).toContain('has_custom_event');
+    expect(query).not.toContain('left join (');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('getWebsiteStats filtered bounce path', () => {
+  test('postgres switches to the visit-events join when event filters are present', async () => {
+    const { getWebsiteStats, prismaRawQuery } = await loadModule({ mode: 'prisma' });
+
+    await getWebsiteStats('website-1', { path: '/pricing' } as any);
+
+    const [query] = prismaRawQuery.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('left join (');
+    expect(query).toContain('coalesce(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0');
+    expect(query).toContain('event_type = 2');
+  });
+
+  test('clickhouse switches to the raw-event join when event filters are present', async () => {
+    const { getWebsiteStats, clickhouseRawQuery } = await loadModule({ mode: 'clickhouse' });
+
+    await getWebsiteStats('website-1', { path: '/pricing' } as any);
+
+    const [query] = clickhouseRawQuery.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('from website_event');
+    expect(query).toContain('left join (');
+    expect(query).toContain('ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('getWebsiteStats excludeBounce path', () => {
+  test('clickhouse skips the extra join when excludeBounce is enabled', async () => {
+    const { getWebsiteStats, clickhouseRawQuery } = await loadModule({ mode: 'clickhouse' });
+
+    await getWebsiteStats('website-1', { excludeBounce: true });
+
+    const [query] = clickhouseRawQuery.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('0 as "bounces"');
+    expect(query).not.toContain('left join (');
+  });
+
+  test('postgres skips the extra join when excludeBounce is enabled on the filtered path', async () => {
+    const { getWebsiteStats, prismaRawQuery } = await loadModule({ mode: 'prisma' });
+
+    await getWebsiteStats('website-1', { excludeBounce: true, path: '/pricing' } as any);
+
+    const [query] = prismaRawQuery.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('0 as "bounces"');
+    expect(query).not.toContain('left join (');
+  });
+});

src/queries/sql/getWebsiteStats.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import clickhouse from '@/lib/clickhouse';
-import { BOUNCE_THRESHOLD, EVENT_COLUMNS, EVENT_TYPE } from '@/lib/constants';
+import { EVENT_COLUMNS, EVENT_TYPE } from '@/lib/constants';
 import { CLICKHOUSE, PRISMA, runQuery } from '@/lib/db';
 import prisma from '@/lib/prisma';
 import type { QueryFilters } from '@/lib/types';
@@ -35,9 +35,60 @@ async function relationalQuery(
     });
 
   const { excludeBounce } = filters;
+  const hasEventFilters =
+    EVENT_COLUMNS.some(item => Object.keys(filters).includes(item)) ||
+    !!filters.eventPropertyFilters?.length;
+
+  if (!hasEventFilters) {
+    return rawQuery(
+      `
+      select
+        cast(coalesce(sum(t.c), 0) as bigint) as "pageviews",
+        count(distinct t.session_id) as "visitors",
+        count(distinct t.visit_id) as "visits",
+        ${excludeBounce ? '0' : 'coalesce(sum(case when t.c = 1 and t.has_custom_event = 0 then 1 else 0 end), 0)'} as "bounces",
+        cast(coalesce(sum(${getTimestampDiffSQL('t.min_time', 't.max_time')}), 0) as bigint) as "totaltime"
+      from (
+        select
+          website_event.session_id,
+          website_event.visit_id,
+          sum(case when website_event.event_type NOT IN (2, 5) then 1 else 0 end) as "c",
+          min(case when website_event.event_type NOT IN (2, 5) then website_event.created_at end) as "min_time",
+          max(case when website_event.event_type NOT IN (2, 5) then website_event.created_at end) as "max_time",
+          max(case when website_event.event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent} then 1 else 0 end) as "has_custom_event"
+        from website_event
+        ${cohortQuery}
+        ${excludeBounceQuery}
+        ${joinSessionQuery}
+        where website_event.website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
+          and website_event.created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
+          and website_event.event_type != ${EVENT_TYPE.performance}
+          ${filterQuery}
+        group by 1, 2
+        having sum(case when website_event.event_type NOT IN (2, 5) then 1 else 0 end) > 0
+      ) as t
+      `,
+      queryParams,
+      FUNCTION_NAME,
+    ).then(result => result?.[0]);
+  }
+
   const bounceQuery = excludeBounce
     ? '0'
-    : `coalesce(sum(case when t.c = 1 and t.events_count < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD} then 1 else 0 end), 0)`;
+    : 'coalesce(sum(case when t.c = 1 and coalesce(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0 then 1 else 0 end), 0)';
+  const visitEventsJoin = excludeBounce
+    ? ''
+    : `
+      left join (
+        select session_id, visit_id, 1 as "has_custom_event"
+        from website_event
+        where website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
+          and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
+          and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+        group by 1, 2
+      ) as e
+        on e.session_id = t.session_id
+        and e.visit_id = t.visit_id`;
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -53,16 +104,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         website_event.visit_id,
         count(*) as "c",
         min(website_event.created_at) as "min_time",
-        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time",
-        max((
-          select count(*)
-          from website_event we2
-          where we2.website_id = website_event.website_id
-            and we2.session_id = website_event.session_id
-            and we2.visit_id = website_event.visit_id
-            and we2.created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
-            and we2.event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-        )) as "events_count"
+        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time"
       from website_event
       ${cohortQuery}
       ${excludeBounceQuery}
@@ -72,8 +114,8 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         and website_event.event_type NOT IN (2, 5)
         ${filterQuery}
       group by 1, 2
-     
     ) as t
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     `,
     queryParams,
     FUNCTION_NAME,
@@ -92,17 +134,20 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
 
   let sql = '';
   const { excludeBounce } = filters;
+  const hasEventFilters =
+    EVENT_COLUMNS.some(item => Object.keys(filters).includes(item)) ||
+    !!filters.eventPropertyFilters?.length;
   const bounceQuery = excludeBounce
     ? '0'
-    : `sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD})`;
+    : 'sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and t.has_custom_event = 0)';
 
-  if (EVENT_COLUMNS.some(item => Object.keys(filters).includes(item))) {
+  if (hasEventFilters) {
     sql = `
     select
       sum(t.c) as "pageviews",
       uniq(t.session_id) as "visitors",
       uniq(t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      ${bounceQuery} as "bounces",
+      ${excludeBounce ? '0' : 'sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0)'} as "bounces",
       sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime"
     from (
       select
@@ -120,14 +165,14 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
         ${filterQuery}
       group by session_id, visit_id
     ) as t
-    left join (
-      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt32(count()) as events_count
+    ${excludeBounce ? '' : `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt8(1) as has_custom_event
       from website_event
       where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
         and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
         and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
       group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id);
+    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)`};
     `;
   } else {
     sql = `
@@ -137,28 +182,24 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       uniq(visit_id) as "visits",
       ${bounceQuery} as "bounces",
       sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime"
-    from (select
-            session_id,
-            visit_id,
-            sum(views) c,
-            min(min_time) min_time,
-            max(max_time) max_time
+    from (
+      select
+        session_id,
+        visit_id,
+        sum(views) c,
+        minIf(min_time, event_type NOT IN (2, 5)) min_time,
+        maxIf(max_time, event_type NOT IN (2, 5)) max_time,
+        max(if(event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent} and length(event_name) > 0, 1, 0)) has_custom_event
         from website_event_stats_hourly "website_event"
         ${cohortQuery}
         ${excludeBounceQuery}
-    where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
-      and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
-      and event_type NOT IN (2, 5)
-      ${filterQuery}
-      group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as t
-    left join (
-      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt32(sum(length(event_name))) as events_count
-      from website_event_stats_hourly
       where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
         and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
+        and event_type != ${EVENT_TYPE.performance}
+        ${filterQuery}
       group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id);
+      having c > 0
+    ) as t
     `;
   }
 

src/queries/sql/pageviews/getPageviewExpandedMetrics.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import clickhouse from '@/lib/clickhouse';
-import { BOUNCE_THRESHOLD, EVENT_TYPE, FILTER_COLUMNS, GROUPED_DOMAINS, SESSION_COLUMNS } from '@/lib/constants';
+import {
+  EVENT_TYPE,
+  FILTER_COLUMNS,
+  GROUPED_DOMAINS,
+  SESSION_COLUMNS,
+} from '@/lib/constants';
 import { CLICKHOUSE, PRISMA, runQuery } from '@/lib/db';
 import prisma from '@/lib/prisma';
 import type { QueryFilters } from '@/lib/types';
@@ -46,6 +51,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       },
       { joinSession: SESSION_COLUMNS.includes(type) },
     );
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
   const fullPathSearchQuery =
     type === 'fullPath' && filters.search
       ? `and (case when website_event.url_query != '' then website_event.url_path || '?' || website_event.url_query else website_event.url_path end) ilike {{fullPathSearch}}`
@@ -88,6 +94,21 @@ async function relationalQuery(
     type === 'fullPath'
       ? `case when website_event.url_query != '' then website_event.url_path || '?' || website_event.url_query else website_event.url_path end`
       : column;
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sum(case when t.c = 1 and coalesce(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0 then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, 1 as "has_custom_event"
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
+        and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by 1, 2
+    ) as e
+      on e.session_id = t.session_id
+      and e.visit_id = t.visit_id`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -96,7 +117,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "pageviews",
       count(distinct t.session_id) as "visitors",
       count(distinct t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sum(case when t.c = 1 and t.events_count < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD} then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(${getTimestampDiffSQL('t.min_time', 't.max_time')}) as "totaltime"
     from (
       select
@@ -105,16 +126,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         website_event.visit_id,
         count(*) as "c",
         min(website_event.created_at) as "min_time",
-        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time",
-        max((
-          select count(*)
-          from website_event we2
-          where we2.website_id = website_event.website_id
-            and we2.session_id = website_event.session_id
-            and we2.visit_id = website_event.visit_id
-            and we2.created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
-            and we2.event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-        )) as "events_count"
+        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time"
       from website_event
       ${cohortQuery}
       ${excludeBounceQuery}
@@ -128,6 +140,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         ${filterQuery}
       group by ${groupByColumn}, website_event.session_id, website_event.visit_id
     ) as t
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     where name != ''
     group by name
     order by visitors desc, visits desc
@@ -154,6 +167,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
     ...filters,
     websiteId,
   });
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
   const fullPathSearchQuery =
     type === 'fullPath' && filters.search
       ? `and positionCaseInsensitive(if(url_query != '', concat(url_path, '?', url_query), url_path), {fullPathSearch:String}) > 0`
@@ -189,6 +203,19 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
   } else if (type === 'fullPath') {
     selectColumn = `if(url_query != '', concat(url_path, '?', url_query), url_path)`;
   }
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt8(1) as has_custom_event
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
+        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by session_id, visit_id
+    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -197,7 +224,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "pageviews",
       uniq(t.session_id) as "visitors",
       uniq(t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD}) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime"
     from (
       select
@@ -220,14 +247,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
         ${filterQuery}
       group by name, session_id, visit_id
     ) as t
-    left join (
-      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt32(count()) as events_count
-      from website_event
-      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
-        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
-        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-      group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     group by name
     order by visitors desc, visits desc
     limit ${limit}

src/queries/sql/reports/getBreakdown.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import clickhouse from '@/lib/clickhouse';
-import { BOUNCE_THRESHOLD, EVENT_TYPE, FILTER_COLUMNS, SESSION_COLUMNS } from '@/lib/constants';
+import {
+  EVENT_TYPE,
+  FILTER_COLUMNS,
+  SESSION_COLUMNS,
+} from '@/lib/constants';
 import { CLICKHOUSE, PRISMA, runQuery } from '@/lib/db';
 import prisma from '@/lib/prisma';
 import type { QueryFilters } from '@/lib/types';
@@ -31,7 +35,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
 ): Promise<BreakdownData[]> {
   const { getTimestampDiffSQL, parseFilters, rawQuery } = prisma;
   const { startDate, endDate, fields } = parameters;
-  const { filterQuery, joinSessionQuery, cohortQuery, queryParams } = parseFilters(
+  const { filterQuery, joinSessionQuery, cohortQuery, excludeBounceQuery, queryParams } = parseFilters(
     {
       ...filters,
       websiteId,
@@ -43,6 +47,22 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       joinSession: !!fields.find((name: string) => SESSION_COLUMNS.includes(name)),
     },
   );
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sum(case when t.c = 1 and coalesce(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0 then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, 1 as "has_custom_event"
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
+        and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by 1, 2
+    ) as e
+      on e.session_id = t.session_id
+      and e.visit_id = t.visit_id`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -50,7 +70,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "views",
       count(distinct t.session_id) as "visitors",
       count(distinct t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sum(case when t.c = 1 and t.events_count < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD} then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(${getTimestampDiffSQL('t.min_time', 't.max_time')}) as "totaltime",
       ${parseFieldsByName(fields)}
     from (
@@ -60,18 +80,10 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         website_event.visit_id,
         count(*) as "c",
         min(website_event.created_at) as "min_time",
-        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time",
-        max((
-          select count(*)
-          from website_event we2
-          where we2.website_id = website_event.website_id
-            and we2.session_id = website_event.session_id
-            and we2.visit_id = website_event.visit_id
-            and we2.created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
-            and we2.event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-        )) as "events_count"
+        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time"
       from website_event
       ${cohortQuery}
+      ${excludeBounceQuery}
       ${joinSessionQuery}
       where website_event.website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
         and website_event.created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
@@ -79,6 +91,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       group by ${parseFieldsByName(fields)},
         website_event.session_id, website_event.visit_id
     ) as t
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     group by ${parseFieldsByName(fields)}
     order by 2 desc, 1 desc
     limit 500
@@ -94,13 +107,27 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
 ): Promise<BreakdownData[]> {
   const { parseFilters, rawQuery } = clickhouse;
   const { startDate, endDate, fields } = parameters;
-  const { filterQuery, cohortQuery, queryParams } = parseFilters({
+  const { filterQuery, cohortQuery, excludeBounceQuery, queryParams } = parseFilters({
     ...filters,
     websiteId,
     startDate,
     endDate,
     eventType: EVENT_TYPE.pageView,
   });
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt8(1) as has_custom_event
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
+        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by session_id, visit_id
+    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -108,7 +135,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "views",
       count(distinct t.session_id) as "visitors",
       count(distinct t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD}) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime",
       ${parseFieldsByName(fields)}
     from (
@@ -121,20 +148,14 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
         max(created_at) max_time
       from website_event
       ${cohortQuery}
+      ${excludeBounceQuery}
       where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
         and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
         ${filterQuery}
       group by ${parseFieldsByName(fields)},
         session_id, visit_id
     ) as t
-    left join (
-      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt32(count()) as events_count
-      from website_event
-      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
-        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
-        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-      group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     group by ${parseFieldsByName(fields)}
     order by 2 desc, 1 desc
     limit 500

src/queries/sql/sessions/getSessionExpandedMetrics.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import clickhouse from '@/lib/clickhouse';
-import { BOUNCE_THRESHOLD, EVENT_TYPE, FILTER_COLUMNS, SESSION_COLUMNS } from '@/lib/constants';
+import {
+  EVENT_TYPE,
+  FILTER_COLUMNS,
+  SESSION_COLUMNS,
+} from '@/lib/constants';
 import { CLICKHOUSE, PRISMA, runQuery } from '@/lib/db';
 import prisma from '@/lib/prisma';
 import type { QueryFilters } from '@/lib/types';
@@ -48,11 +52,27 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         joinSession: SESSION_COLUMNS.includes(type),
       },
     );
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
   const includeCountry = column === 'city' || column === 'region';
 
   if (type === 'language') {
     column = `lower(left(${type}, 2))`;
   }
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sum(case when t.c = 1 and coalesce(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0 then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, 1 as "has_custom_event"
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {{websiteId::uuid}}
+        and created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by 1, 2
+    ) as e
+      on e.session_id = t.session_id
+      and e.visit_id = t.visit_id`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -62,7 +82,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "pageviews",
       count(distinct t.session_id) as "visitors",
       count(distinct t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sum(case when t.c = 1 and t.events_count < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD} then 1 else 0 end) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(${getTimestampDiffSQL('t.min_time', 't.max_time')}) as "totaltime"
     from (
       select
@@ -72,16 +92,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
         website_event.visit_id,
         count(*) as "c",
         min(website_event.created_at) as "min_time",
-        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time",
-        max((
-          select count(*)
-          from website_event we2
-          where we2.website_id = website_event.website_id
-            and we2.session_id = website_event.session_id
-            and we2.visit_id = website_event.visit_id
-            and we2.created_at between {{startDate}} and {{endDate}}
-            and we2.event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-        )) as "events_count"
+        max(website_event.created_at) as "max_time"
       from website_event
       ${cohortQuery}
       ${excludeBounceQuery}
@@ -93,6 +104,7 @@ async function relationalQuery(
       group by name, website_event.session_id, website_event.visit_id
       ${includeCountry ? ', country' : ''}
     ) as t
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     where name != ''
     group by name 
     ${includeCountry ? ', country' : ''}
@@ -117,11 +129,25 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
     ...filters,
     websiteId,
   });
+  const needsBounceEvents = filters.excludeBounce !== true;
   const includeCountry = column === 'city' || column === 'region';
 
   if (type === 'language') {
     column = `lower(left(${type}, 2))`;
   }
+  const bounceQuery = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.has_custom_event, 0) = 0) as "bounces",`
+    : '0 as "bounces",';
+  const visitEventsJoin = needsBounceEvents
+    ? `left join (
+      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt8(1) as has_custom_event
+      from website_event
+      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
+        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
+        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
+      group by session_id, visit_id
+    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)`
+    : '';
 
   return rawQuery(
     `
@@ -131,7 +157,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       sum(t.c) as "pageviews",
       uniq(t.session_id) as "visitors",
       uniq(t.visit_id) as "visits",
-      sumIf(1, t.c = 1 and ifNull(e.events_count, 0) < ${BOUNCE_THRESHOLD}) as "bounces",
+      ${bounceQuery}
       sum(max_time-min_time) as "totaltime"
     from (
       select
@@ -153,14 +179,7 @@ async function clickhouseQuery(
       group by name, session_id, visit_id
       ${includeCountry ? ', country' : ''}
     ) as t
-    left join (
-      select session_id, visit_id, toUInt32(count()) as events_count
-      from website_event
-      where website_id = {websiteId:UUID}
-        and created_at between {startDate:DateTime64} and {endDate:DateTime64}
-        and event_type = ${EVENT_TYPE.customEvent}
-      group by session_id, visit_id
-    ) as e using (session_id, visit_id)
+    ${visitEventsJoin}
     group by name
     ${includeCountry ? ', country' : ''}
     order by visitors desc, visits desc

src/queries/sql/sessions/saveSessionData.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { DATA_TYPE } from '@/lib/constants';
+import { relationalQuery } from './saveSessionData';
+
+const { writeRawQueryMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  writeRawQueryMock: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/prisma', () => ({
+  default: {
+    writeRawQuery: writeRawQueryMock,
+  },
+}));
+
+describe('relationalQuery', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    writeRawQueryMock.mockReset();
+    writeRawQueryMock.mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+  });
+
+  test('writes session data with a Postgres upsert keyed by sessionId and dataKey', async () => {
+    const createdAt = new Date('2026-07-30T10:00:00.000Z');
+
+    await relationalQuery({
+      websiteId: 'website-1',
+      sessionId: 'session-1',
+      sessionData: { plan: 'pro' },
+      distinctId: 'distinct-1',
+      createdAt,
+    });
+
+    expect(writeRawQueryMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    const [query, params, tag] = writeRawQueryMock.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('insert into session_data');
+    expect(query).toContain('on conflict (session_id, data_key)');
+    expect(query).toContain('do update set');
+    expect(query).toContain('coalesce({{createdAt}}, now())');
+    expect(query).toContain('created_at = coalesce({{createdAt}}, session_data.created_at)');
+    expect(query).toContain('{{id}}');
+    expect(query).toContain('{{websiteId}}');
+    expect(query).toContain('{{sessionId}}');
+    expect(query).toContain('{{dataKey}}');
+    expect(params).toEqual({
+      id: expect.any(String),
+      websiteId: 'website-1',
+      sessionId: 'session-1',
+      dataKey: 'plan',
+      stringValue: 'pro',
+      numberValue: null,
+      dateValue: null,
+      dataType: DATA_TYPE.string,
+      distinctId: 'distinct-1',
+      createdAt,
+    });
+    expect(tag).toBe('saveSessionData');
+  });
+
+  test('preserves default and existing createdAt behavior when createdAt is omitted', async () => {
+    await relationalQuery({
+      websiteId: 'website-1',
+      sessionId: 'session-1',
+      sessionData: { plan: 'pro' },
+      distinctId: 'distinct-1',
+    });
+
+    const [query, params] = writeRawQueryMock.mock.calls[0];
+
+    expect(query).toContain('coalesce({{createdAt}}, now())');
+    expect(query).toContain('created_at = coalesce({{createdAt}}, session_data.created_at)');
+    expect(params.createdAt).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});

src/queries/sql/sessions/saveSessionData.ts

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export async function relationalQuery({
   distinctId,
   createdAt,
 }: SaveSessionDataArgs) {
-  const { client } = prisma;
+  const { writeRawQuery } = prisma;
 
   const jsonKeys = flattenJSON(sessionData);
   const normalizedDistinctId = truncateString(distinctId, FIELD_LENGTH.distinctId);
@@ -49,24 +49,69 @@ export async function relationalQuery({
   }));
 
   for (const data of flattenedData) {
-    const { sessionId, dataKey, ...props } = data;
+    const {
+      id,
+      websiteId,
+      sessionId,
+      dataKey,
+      stringValue,
+      numberValue,
+      dateValue,
+      dataType,
+      distinctId,
+      createdAt,
+    } = data;
 
-    const updateResult = await client.sessionData.updateMany({
-      where: {
+    await writeRawQuery(
+      `
+      insert into session_data (
+        session_data_id,
+        website_id,
+        session_id,
+        data_key,
+        string_value,
+        number_value,
+        date_value,
+        data_type,
+        distinct_id,
+        created_at
+      )
+      values (
+        {{id}},
+        {{websiteId}},
+        {{sessionId}},
+        {{dataKey}},
+        {{stringValue}},
+        {{numberValue}},
+        {{dateValue}},
+        {{dataType}},
+        {{distinctId}},
+        coalesce({{createdAt}}, now())
+      )
+      on conflict (session_id, data_key)
+      do update set
+        website_id = excluded.website_id,
+        string_value = excluded.string_value,
+        number_value = excluded.number_value,
+        date_value = excluded.date_value,
+        data_type = excluded.data_type,
+        distinct_id = excluded.distinct_id,
+        created_at = coalesce({{createdAt}}, session_data.created_at)
+      `,
+      {
+        id,
+        websiteId,
         sessionId,
         dataKey,
+        stringValue,
+        numberValue,
+        dateValue,
+        dataType,
+        distinctId,
+        createdAt,
       },
-      data: {
-        ...props,
-      },
-    });
-
-    // If no record was updated, create a new one
-    if (updateResult.count === 0) {
-      await client.sessionData.create({
-        data,
-      });
-    }
+      'saveSessionData',
+    );
   }
 }