return {
	-- treesitter
	{
		"nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter",
		build = ":TSUpdate",
		event = { "BufReadPost", "BufNewFile" },
		config = function()
			require("nvim-treesitter").setup({
				ensure_installed = {
					"c",
					"markdown",
					"python",
					"java",
					"cpp",
					"bash",
					"lua",
					"make",
					"latex",
					"json",
					"jsonc",
					"sql",
					"yaml",
					"toml",
					"javascript",
					"ts_ls",
					"gitignore",
					"go",
					"rust",
					"html",
					"css",
					"scss",
					"markdown_inline",
				},
				auto_install = true,
				highlight = {
					enable = true,
					additional_vim_regex_highlighting = true,
				},
				indent = {
					enable = true,
				},
			})
		end,
	},

	-- rendering for html, latex, md
	{
		"OXY2DEV/markview.nvim",
		lazy = false,
		-- to load before treesitter
		priority = 45,
		config = function()
			require("markview").setup({
				markdown = {
					code_blocks = { sign = false },
				},
			})
		end,
	},

	-- markdown preview
	{
		"iamcco/markdown-preview.nvim",
		build = "cd app && yarn install",
		init = function()
			vim.g.mkdp_filetypes = { "markdown" }
		end,
		ft = "markdown",
		cmd = { "MarkdownPreviewToggle", "MarkdownPreview" },
	},

	{
		"danymat/neogen",
		dependencies = { "nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter" },
		opts = {
			snippet_engine = "luasnip",
			languages = {
				python = {
					template = {
						annotation_convention = "google_docstrings",
					},
				},
			},
		},
	},

	-- auto pairs
	{
		"windwp/nvim-autopairs",
		event = "InsertEnter",
		config = function()
			require("nvim-autopairs").setup()

			-- add new rules
			local pairs = require("nvim-autopairs")
			local rule = require("nvim-autopairs.rule")
			local cond = require("nvim-autopairs.conds")
			pairs.add_rules({
				rule("$", "$", { "tex", "latex", "plaintex" })
					-- do not move right when repeat character
					:with_move(cond.none()),
			})
		end,
	},

	{
		"windwp/nvim-ts-autotag",
		ft = {
			"html",
			"xml",
			"javascript",
			"typescript",
			"javascriptreact",
			"typescriptreact",
			"jsx",
			"tsx",
			"vue",
			"svelte",
			"markdown",
		},
		event = "InsertEnter",
		lazy = true,
		opts = {
			enable_close = true,
			enable_rename = true,
			enable_close_on_slash = true,
		},
	},
}